Double-pile fabric



March 3, 1931. .1. ZIMMERMANN, JR 1,795,158

DOUBLE FILE FABRIC Filed Nov. 12, 1929 Invenior: efoim, 235mrm'sr'mamm, J13,

. Jtiorneyl Patented Mar. 3, 1931 JOHN ZIMMERMANN, JR, 01 OAK LANE, PENNSYLVANIA DOUBLE-FILE FABRIC Application filed November 12, 1929. Serial No. 406,555.

My invention relates to double pile fabrics, that is to say, tofabrics which. are woven with two ground weaves, having pile forming warps extending therebetween which are subsequently'cut for the purpose of producing two separate fabrics, each having a pile ace. The original method of weaving cut pile r fabrics adapted for .use as carpets consists in the temporary insertion in the weave, of wires over which pile loops are formed, which loops are subsequently out, either prior to or upon the withdrawal of the wires. This method,however, while still extensively used, is largely limited in its application to relatively narrow fabrics, and is not always prac 'tical for use in making seamless room size rugs, by reason of the difficulty of inserting and removing the wires in weaves of greater 29 width.

Another method consists in the weaving of two fabrics face to face, which are subsequently cut apart to form the pile. This method dispenses with the use of wires and permitstheproduction of rugs which are limited in their width only by the width of the 100m. In the weaving of such fabrics, various arrangements have been suggested and used for the disposition in the ground 499 weaves of the deadlends of pile forming warps. In some cases, half of the color ends are carried in one ground weave, and half in the other ground weave. In other lnstances,

n a full set of color ends is carried in each ground weave, The making ofthese various weaves, however, involves more or less complication in the harness for manipulating the various warps. 1

Another method employed consists in the disposition of all of thecolor warps in the ground fabrics of materially different qualities as to body, wearing qualities, etc., in some instances the upper fabric being a mere skeleton and entirely discarded, and in other instances the upper fabric being adaptable for use only for purposes other than as a floor covering;

' A considerable demand has recently arisen for the production of seamless pile carpets made in room sizes, in which the pattern appears upon the back of the fabric, in a manner similar to that of the various oriental rugs. Several attempts. have been made to accomplish this purpose, and while .there have been instances in which the pattern has i been carried through to the back of the relatively lighter upper ground weave, .and other instances in which the upper and lower ground weaves have been made having similar qualities as to body, etc, these have not i been entirely satisfactory, in that the pattern on the back is not sufficiently well defined, and these weaves usually involve, for their pro? duction, considerable complication in the harness for the proper manipulation of the color ends.

The principal object of my present invention is to provide an improved double pile fabric which, when cut apart, will produce two rugs or carpets, in which a well defined pattern will appear upon the back similar to oriental rugs or carpets.

A futher object of my invention is to provide a fabric of the typeaforesaid in which the pile tufts will be securely held in the 1 ground weaves after the said ground weaves are cut apart. p a

. A further object of my invention is to provide a fabric of the type aforesaid, by means of which the two carpets produced will have similar characteristics as to body, wearing qualities, etc, whereby they willbe equally salable.

A further object of my invention is to provide a fabric of the type aforesaid, whereby rugs of the larger or room sizes may be more economically produced than heretofore, in which the pattern will appear upon the back of each of said rugs similarly to the hand made oriental rugs.

With the foregoing objects in View, my invention contemplates the provision in a double pile fabric of upper and lower ground weaves, each having corresponding shots of weft between each crossing of the binder warp; the carrying of the pile forming warp from one ground weave to the other and back again to form the pile; and the disposition of the color warp whereby the pattern will ap-. pear upon the back of each ground weave,

" ends whlch are lnterwoven with the weft and will be well defined thereon. V

My invention further contemplates the provision of a double pile fabric, of the character aforesaid, which may be expeditiously and economically woven in an ordinary double pile fabric loom, withoutundu'ecomp-1ication of the harness. V V v The nature and characteristic features of my invention will be more readilyunderstood from the following description, taken in conmy; present'invention as applied to a;.two-

shot groundweave, that is to say, to: a fabric in wbich two shots ofweft are inserted in each; ground weave between each crossing of the binder. warp thereof; and Fig.2is a similar View illustrating the arrangement in. a three-shot ground weave, that is, where three shots ofweft are inserted in each ground weave between each crossing ofthe binder warp thereof. 7 5 Referringnow more particularly to Fig; l of the.1draWings,-in the particular embodiment-of my inventiontherein shown, thedouble pile fabric comprises'two ground weaves, each having pairs of binderwarps '1 and/2, 'and'two shots of weft 3 and 4;,between each crossing oft-he. bindenwarp'in the upper fabric, and two shots ofzweft 5 and 6 between 7 each crossing of the binder warp: in the lower fabric. Y. The pattern forming color warp 7 are, all

primarily carried in the lower fabric, the

deadends thereof being laidin between the inner and outer planes of the weftfshots 5 and def said lower fabric.v Y

f The upper fabric is providedwith; a suflicient quantity of stufl'er war'pr8, whichex tend betweenv the inner and outer planes of, the

weft shots 3 aud t, substantially to: equal the body of, the colorends '7 in the lower-fabric. 'Whenever, a particular color, is-icall'ec'l'in the pattern, the color end corresponding thereto 1s raised out of the lower fabr1c,-carried across between the twogroundfweaves,

and entirely through the upper fabric, being looped over an outer plane weft shot 3 ,jand then, returned to the body of the lower fabric, extending between adjacent weft shotsb of v the lower fabric and between adjacent weft shots 4 of the upper fabric; 7 v j -Whenevera-part1cular color endis carried over tohform; the pile as aforesaid, another and different color end is correspondingly interwoven in and out between adjacent weft It should here be noted that whenever a change of color occurs in the pile forming warp which extend across from the lower to the upper fabric and back again, a corresponding change in color occurs in the warp for the pattern forming on, the baclrofthe lower fabric.

Thewe'aveshown iii-Fig.2 is substantially similar to that. shown in Fig,.il.,'. exceptthat three shots of weft 9,10, and'll are inserted between each crossing of the binder warp" in the upper fabric, and correspondingly three shots of weft 112, 18, and. Mare. inserted between each crossing of the binder, warp in the lower fabric, In :all other respects the weaves are similar. I j I o 3 v r It will benoted that a color-end of each set is looped overeachweftfshot inthe outer plane fthe upper fabric, while inthe lower fabric the color end whichformsthepattern on the back thereof, is exposed'onjly over alternate weft shots. However, as the exposed color ends on the back ofthe lower. fabric extend a greater longitudinal extent between alternate. wefts, the pattern will bewelldeiined onit e back of the lower fabric, as well ason theback-Of the upper fabriQJ Y Y "It will be seen that there .is thus provided a doublelpile fabric adapted, to be cim'apart:

to form two rugs or carpets which willhjave slmilar characteristics as to body, wear ng qualities, etc,- and will be equally salable,

and upon the backs 'ofeach of which a well (defined pattern will appear, and that this fabric may be economically produced in an ordinary loom without undue complication of the harness for manipulating thewarp; Iclaim: I

1.: double a pile fabric comprising; two

ground weaves, pattern formingcolor warp primarily-carried in the'lower ground weave, the particular color ends appearing in the pile of the fabric extending across from the lower ground weave tothe up-perfand back again, passing entirely'through the upper ground'weaye and beinglo'oped overweft shots in the outer plane thereof, 'and'where V a particular color end'is carried over to form the pile another and differ'entcolor end being interwoven with the Weft shots in the outerv plane of the lower ground weave,;the

Ycolor ends which are thus brought outfonthe e5 shots fi intheouter plane of the lower fabric, back of the lower ground weaye being changed whenever the color ends in the pile V v are changed.

2. A double pile fabric comprising two ground weaves of similar formation, pat-tern forming color warp primarily carried in the lower ground weave, the particular color ends appearing in the pile of the fabric extending across from the lower ground weave to the upper and back again, passing entirely through the upper ground weave and being looped over weft shots in the outer plane thereof, and where a particular color end is carried over to form the pile another and different color end being interwoven with the weft shots in the outer plane of the lower ground weave, the color ends which are thus brought out on the back of the lower ground weave being changed whenever the color ends in the pile are changed.

3. A double pile fabric comprising two ground weaves of similar formation, pattern forming color Warp primarily carried in the lower ground weave, the particular color ends appearing in the pile of the fabric extending across from the lower ground weave to the upper and back again, passing entirely through the upper ground weave and being looped over weft shots in the outer plane thereof, and where a particular color end is carried over to form the pile another and different color end being interwoven with the weft shots in the outer plane of the lower ground weave, the color ends which are thus brought out on the back of the lower ground weave being changed whenever the color ends in the pile are changed, and the upper ground weave having stuifer warp extending between inner and outer plane weft shots, said stuffer warp being of a quantity to impart substantially the same body to the upper ground weave as is provided by the dead color ends in the lower ground weave.

4. A double pile fabric comprising two ground weaves of similar formation, pattern forming color warp primarily carried in the lower ground weave, the particular color ends appearing in the pile of the fabric extending across from the lower ground weave to the upper and back again, being looped over weft shots in the outer plane of the upper ground weave and extending respectively be tween adjacent weft shots in both the upper and lower ground weaves, and where a particular color end is carried over to form the pile another and different color end being interwoven with-the weft shots in the outer plane of the lower ground weave, the color ends which are thus brought out on the back of the lower ground weave being changed "whenever the color ends in the pile are changed.

5. A double pile fabric comprising two ground weaves of similar formation, pattern forming color warp primarily carried in the lower ground weave, the particular color ends appearing in the pile of the fabric extending across from the lower ground Weave to the upper and back again, being looped over weft shots in the outer plane of the upper ground weave and extending respectively between adjacent weft shots in both the upper and lower ground weaves, and where a particular color end is carried over to form the pile another and different color end being interwoven with the weft shots in the outer plane of the lower ground weave, the color ends which are thus brought out on the back of the lower ground weave being changed whenever the color ends in the pile are changed, and the upper ground weave having stufi'er warp extending between inner and outer plane weft shots, said stufl'er warp being of a quantity to impart substanially the same bod to the upper ground weave as is provided by the dead color ends in the lower ground weave.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

JOHN ZIMMERMANN, JR. 

